Researchers are finally trying to understand the complex causes of menstrual pain, or dysmenorrhea—and potential solutions.

Period cramps without a period may be caused by ovulation, fibroids. endometriosis, or pregnancy. Over-the-counter (OTC) pain medications like Advil can help treat most cramps. See a healthcare ...

Primary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain with no underlying medical cause. Secondary dysmenorrhea is menstrual pain that results from structural abnormalities or medical conditions of the reproductive ...

Unbearable period pain may indicate an underlying medical condition. Proper treatment can often help relieve the pain. There are many causes of severe period pain, which doctors call dysmenorrhea.